This book introduces some frontier research directionS and progresses on the structure，evolution and dynamics of the earth．Topics include：Seismic imaging principles and their application in studying the interior structure of the earth and in exploration,phase transitions in the earth'S mantle and mantle mineralogy,the earth's core，geochronology and the age of the earth,gravitational collapse of mountain belts，geologic evolution of the Himalav，an-Tibetan orogen，and dynamics of mid-ocean‘ridges．n order to meet the needs of mor。e readers，the introd、uction of each subject starts from a basic level、gradually builds tO reach more advanced levels and tO the newest developments，and often includes an outlook of future research directions．Potential readers of this book include scientists，workers，and university professors and students in the fields of geology,geophysics,geochemistry,exploration，geography,oceanography,natural resources an d．environmental sciences，as well as those wh、o have a general interest in：Earth and planetary sciences．